Abdominal Distension

Abdominal distension is a worrisome presentation in both the clinic and emergency room setting. While its cause may be benign such as pregnancy or an elevated BMI, it can often be a sign of an underlying pathologic process such as a mechanical bowel obstruction or a malignancy. We must therefore always be vigilant in our approach to the patient with abdominal distension.

objectives

At the conclusion of this activity, participants will be able to recognize the patient presenting with abdominal distension and formulate a list of differential diagnoses. Specifically, participants will be able to recognize “red-flag” signs in patients with abdominal distension and stratify patients by risk based on their presentations.  Participants will be able to carry out a detailed history and focused physical exam for the patient presenting with abdominal distension. The learner will acquire knowledge in ordering and interpreting relevant investigations and imaging. Finally, participants will be able to implement an appropriate management strategy for the patient with abdominal distension.